Nanotechnology involves working with materials and devices that are at the nanoscale (billionth of a meter) level. Utility of nanotechnology to biomedical sciences imply creation of materials and devices designed to interact with the body at sub-cellular scales with a high degree of specificity. This has great potential of targeted cellular and tissue-specific clinical applications with limited side effects. Nanotechnology is expected to affect drug delivery, gene therapy, molecular imaging, biomarkers and biosensors. Target-specific drug therapy and methods for early diagnosis of pathologies are the priority research areas where nanotechnology would play a prominent role. In the foreseeable future, the most important clinical application of nanotechnology may be in pharmaceutical development. These applications take advantage of the unique properties of nanoparticles as drugs or constituents of drugs or are designed for new strategies to controlled release, drug targeting, and salvage of drugs with low bioavailability. Nanoscale polymer capsules can be designed to break down and release drugs at controlled rates, to allow differential release in certain environments, such as an acid medium and to promote uptake in tumors versus normal tissues. The other applications of nanotechnology to medicine include bio-detection of pathogen, detection of protein, probing of DNA structure, tissue engineering, heat destruction of tumours, fluorescent biological markers, biosensors, nanobiomotors etc.
Education and research of biomedical nanotechnology in India
Department of Science and Technology, Government of India has funded more than 15 universities to start masters degree programmes (M.Sc/M. Tech.) in the area of Nanoscience, Nanotechnology and Nanobiomedical technology under Nanoscience and Technology Initiative (NSTI-Nanomission). Apart from that, MHRD, UGC, Department of Biotechnology and DRDO have funded many organizations for establishing specialized centres (Central characterization Facilities) for Nanotechnology research in advanced areas like Nanosensors, Nanodevices and Drug delivery. With the help of DST support, Technology Transfer and Marketing divisions has also started in some organizations like ARCI (International Advanced Research centre for powder metallurgy and new materials) for marketing of Nanoproducts and new technologies. Madurai Kamraj University, Madras established centre for nanosensor and drug delivery. A centre for protein nano science was developed at Anna University. An M.Tech. course in nanomedical science was started at Amrita Institute of Medical Science, Kochi. Amrita Institute also offers Ph.D. in Nanomedicine. In medical science division of Indira Gandhi Centre for Advanced Research, a research centre on magnetoencephalography and SQUIDS have been established. IIT Delhi, IIT Guwahati and IIT Kanpur offer courses in nanobiotechnology. Jawahar Lal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore is also conducting research in biomedical nanotechnology. National Chemical Laboratory, Pune is conducting research on dressing up nanoparticles with antibiotic to combat drug resistivity. Researchers at NCL are also working on the biomedical applications of gold and magnetic nanoparticles. DST funded a nanotechnology research Centre at Allahabad University which conducts research on hyperthermia, MRI contrast agent and targeted drug delivery. One of the research groups in Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard is working on gold nanoparticle anti cancer drugs. Institute of Medical Science of Banaras Hindu University also conducts research in Biomedical application of nanotechnology. National Institute of Paharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali has also started research on nanomedicine. Centre for nanotechnology and advanced biomaterials has been established at Sastra University, Thanjavur. SBS Institute of Biomedical Science and Research at Dehradun conducts research in medical application of nanotechnology. Department of Biotechnology and Medical engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela conducts research on Bionanotechnology. Among private universities, Amity University offers graduate course and research in nanomedicine. KS Rangasamy College of Technology’s Centre for nanoscience and Technology in Tamil Nadu is putting thrust to nanobiomaterials for drug delivery and implant applications.
detection of pathogens,protiens through nanotechnology .wow this is really a gr8 subject to be learn and nice move to creare its awareness.
ReplyDeleteIt has great scope for research and development.It can act as revolution in fields of medicine,surgery,electronics,defence,industry,etc.
ReplyDeleteby lipak
enroll- 364/11
use of nano capsules in targeted destructuction of tumors without harming other tissues is a great innovative,revolutionising step in the medical area...that may pave the way to cheaper methods to cure deadly diseases like this
ReplyDeletekaiten thakur
370/11
At Rice University, a flesh welder is used to fuse two pieces of chicken meat into a single piece. The two pieces of chicken are placed together touching. A greenish liquid containing gold-coated nanoshells is dribbled along the seam. An infrared laser is traced along the seam, causing the two sides to weld together. This could solve the difficulties and blood leaks caused when the surgeon tries to restitch the arteries that have been cut during a kidney or heart transplant. The flesh welder could weld the artery perfectly
ReplyDelete355/11; yawar khurshid
It is greatly observed that[who?] nanoparticles are promising tools for the advancement of drug delivery, medical imaging, and as diagnostic sensors. However, the biodistribution of these nanoparticles is still imperfect due to the complex host's reactions to nano- and microsized materials[14] and the difficulty in targeting specific organs in the body. Nevertheless, a lot of work is still ongoing to optimize and better understand the potential and limitations of nanoparticulate systems. For example, current research in the excretory systems of mice shows the ability of gold composites to selectively target certain organs based on their size and charge. These composites are encapsulated by a dendrimer and assigned a specific charge and size. Positively-charged gold nanoparticles were found to enter the kidneys while negatively-charged gold nanoparticles remained in the liver and spleen. It is suggested that the positive surface charge of the nanoparticle decreases the rate of opsonization of nanoparticles in the liver, thus affecting the excretory pathway. Even at a relatively small size of 5 nm, though, these particles can become compartmentalized in the peripheral tissues, and will therefore accumulate in the body over time. While advancement of research proves that targeting and distribution can be augmented by nanoparticles, the dangers of nanotoxicity become an important next step in further understanding of their medical uses
ReplyDelete350/11; farhan nazir
i have heard about the USP9X THE NEW GENE DISCOVERED THAT SLOWS DOWN PANCREATIC CANCER ...ISN'T DUE TO THE NANOTECHNOLOGY OR IS THERE ANOTHER WAY TO prevent the cancer by nanotechnology...kanchan rani (331/11)
ReplyDeleteNanodevices could be observed at work inside the body using MRI, especially if their components were manufactured using mostly 13C atoms rather than the natural 12C isotope of carbon
ReplyDeleteThis blog is of great resourceful and knowledge...
ReplyDeletei have also heard of nano world use in the defence field.
New BATTLESUITS are being made up for the soldiers which are of modern new techno and comfort...
In the forthcoming years, we can see more new inventions in this field with the help of nano-tech.
ABILASH
Enroll.no.-389/11
Section-E
nano tech. has great scope in future. it can be very helpful in medical field.
ReplyDeleteVINOD KUMAWAT
ENROLL NO.- 378/11
SECTION-E
it has great scope in medicine,surgery,defence,industry etc. nano robots being employed in surgeries..........use of nano capsules in targeted destructuction of tumors without harming other tissues is a great innovative.
ReplyDeleteMADANMOHAN SHARMA
ENROLL NO.-386/11
SECTION-E
i have heard about the USP9X THE NEW GENE DISCOVERED T have also heard of nano world use in the defence field.HAT SLOWS DOWN PANCREATIC CANCER ....is it true..but thanx alot for providing valuable info to us
ReplyDeleteMUKESH BAIRWA
ENROLL-377/11
SECTION-E
wow this is really a gr8 subject to be learn and nice move to creare its awareness......It is suggested that the positive surface charge of the nanoparticle decreases the rate of opsonization of nanoparticles in the liver, thus affecting the excretory pathway.
ReplyDeleteYOGESH MEENA
ENROLL-391/11
SECTION-E
A greenish liquid containing gold-coated nanoshells is dribbled along the seam. An infrared laser is traced along the seam, causing the two sides to weld together
ReplyDeleteGUNJAN SHARMA
ENROLL-384/11
SECTION-E
Target-specific drug therapy and methods for early diagnosis of pathologies are the priority research areas where nanotechnology would play a prominent role. In the foreseeable future, the most important clinical application of nanotechnology may be in pharmaceutical development.......
ReplyDeleteRAHUL VIJAY
ENROLL-390/11
SECTION-E
The applications of nanotechnology to medicine include bio-detection of pathogen, detection of protein, probing of DNA structure, tissue engineering, heat destruction of tumours, fluorescent biological markers, biosensors, nanobiomotors etc.
ReplyDeleteHARISH SAHU
ENROLL-380/11
SECTION-E
One of the research groups in Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard is working on gold nanoparticle anti cancer drugs. Institute of Medical Science of Banaras Hindu University also conducts research in Biomedical application of nanotechnology.
ReplyDeleteANURADHA BHAGAT
ENROLL-80/11
SECTION-E
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteNanotechnology in Medicine -* Nanomedicine
ReplyDeleteThe use of nanotechnology in medicine offers some exciting possibilities. Some
techniques are only imagined, while others are at various stages of testing, or
actually being used today. Nanotechnology in medicine involves applications of nanoparticles currently under
development, as well as longer range research that involves the use of
manufactured *NANO ROBOTS* to make repairs at the cellular level (sometimes referred
to as nanomedicine). Whatever we call it, the use of nanotechnology in the field of medicine could
revolutionize the way we detect and treat damage to the human body and
disease in the future.
Nanotechnology in Medicine Application:
1.Drug Delivery :One application of nanotechnology in medicine currently being developed involves
employing nanoparticles to deliver drugs, heat, light or other substances to specific
types of cells (such as cancer cells). Particles are engineered so that they are
attracted to diseased cells, which allows direct treatment of those cells. This
technique reduces damage to healthy cells in the body and allows for earlier
detection of disease. For example, nanoparticles that deliver chemotherapy drugs directly to cancer cells are under development.
Many researchers attach ethylene glycol molecules to nanoparticles that deliver
therapeutic drugs to cancer tumors. The ethylene glycol molecules stop white
blood cells from recognizing the nanoparticles as foreign materials, allowing them
to circulate in the blood stream long enough to attach to cancer tumors.
Researchers are also continuing to look for more effective methods to target
nanoparticles carrying threputic drugs directly to diseased cells.
There are efforts underway to develop oral
administration of several different drugs using a variety of nanoparticles. A
company which has progressed to the clinical testing stage with a drug for
treating systemic fungal diseases is BioDelivery Sciences, which is using a nanoparticle called a cochleate.
2.Therapy Techniques:
Buckyballs may be used to trap free radicals generated during an allergic reaction
and block the inflammation that results from an allergic reaction. Nanoshells may be used to concentrate the heat from infrared light to destroy
cancer cells with minimal damage to surrounding healthy cells. Nanospectra Biosciences has developed such a treatment using nanoshells illuminated by an infrared laser that has been approved for a pilot trial with human patients.
Nanoparticles, when activated by x-rays , that generate electrons that cause the destruction of cancer cells to which they have attached themselves. This is
intended to be used in place radiation therapy with much less damage to healthy
tissue.
Nanobiotix has released preclinical results for this technique.
*Aluminosilicate nanoparticles can more quickly reduce bleeding in trauma patients by absorbing water, causing blood in a wound to clot quickly.
* Z-Medica is producing a medical gauze that uses aluminosilicate nanoparticles. Nanofibers can stimulate the production of cartilage in damaged joints. Nanoparticles may be used, when inhaled, to stimulate an immune response to fight respiratory virsuses.
*3.Diagnostic and Imaging Techniques QUANTUM DOTS (qdots)
ReplyDeletemay be used in the future for locating cancer tumors in patients and in the near term for performing diagnostic tests in samples.
*Quantum dots
composed of silicon, which is believed to be less toxic than the cadmium contained in many quantum dots.
*Iron oxide nanoparticles can used to improve MRI images of cancer tumors.
The
nanoparticle is coated with a peptide that binds to a cancer tumor, once the nanoparticles are attached to the tumor the magnetic property of the iron oxide enhances the images from the Magnetic Resonance Imagining scan.
Nanoparticles can attach to proteins or other molecules, allowing detection of disease indicators in a lab sample at a very early stage.
*Gold nanoparticles that have antibodies attached can provide quick diagnosis of flu virus. When light is directed on a sample containing virus particles and the nanoparticles the amount of light reflected back increases because the
nanoparticles cluster around virus particles, allowing a much faster test than those
currently used
*4. Anti-Microbial Techniques :
One of the earliest nanomedicine applications was the use of nanocrystalline silver which is as an antimicrobial agent for the treatment of wounds,
A nanoparticle cream has been shown to fight staph infections. The nanoparticles contain nitric oxide gas, which is known to kill bacteria.
Studies on mice have shown that using the nanoparticle cream to release nitric oxide gas at the site of
staph abscesses significantly reduced the infection.
Burn dressing that is coated with nanocapsules containing antibotics. If a infection starts the harmful bacteria in the wound causes the nanocapsules to
break open, releasing the antibotics. This allows much quicker treatment of an
infection and reduces the number of times a dressing has to be changed.
A welcome idea in the early study stages is the elimination of bacterial infections in a patient within minutes, instead of delivering treatment with antibiotics over a
period of weeks.
*5.Repair Nanorobots could actually be programmed to repair specific diseased cells,
functioning in a similar way to antibodies in our natural healing processes.
Rohit Bhagat
enroll:347/11
section:E
Nanotechnology....(name scale low but working era much more high)..nanotech ..going through admiring achievement in various fields namely...jn biomedicines(targeted drugs delivery,MRI techniques use,development in pharmaceuticals,nano scale polymer capsules to promote uptake in tumors therapy,detection of pathogens ,bacterias etc....
ReplyDeleteits emerging and ongoing advance in fabrication of nano stuctures via lithography and molecular beam epitaxy is also admirable
..........still this blog is much more indulged of nanotech source ...benefitial for us....
name. Ravendra singh
enroll.328/11
i have also heard of use of nanotechnology in military to safeguard the soldiers..improved body armour is the major focus for military nanotech..one of its technologies include Si or TiO2 nanoparticles in epoxymatrix..it also focuses to improve medical n casualty care for soldiers n to produce lightweight,strong n multifunctionals for use in clothing..it seems that nanotechnology will bring our lives to a higher n better level.. Hitu Arya - 321/11 section-'E'
ReplyDeletewell,nanotech hav unparallel abiltiy to snatch various victms of death defnin diseases such as cancer,aids,influenza , frm d hands of yamraj .hope such tech becm cheap n reaches to commn ppl..340/11 vivaksha
ReplyDeletenanotech has its great impact in medical field. Nanotechnology is science at the molecular level. Like biotechnology and information technology, it is a growth industry with the potential to greatly change the world in which we live. Biomedical Nanotechnology is a course that investigates key areas in which nanotechnology can benefit biomedical applications, understanding of nanomaterials for various biomedical applications, wet and dry nanotechnology, and basics of nanofabrication. This course also introduces applications such as drug delivery, imaging and diagnostics, and tissue regeneration and engineering science.
ReplyDeleteJITENDRA NAGAR
ENROLL NO. 341/11
SEC-E
An overview of trends in nanotechnology research programs for biomedical applications in the United States, leading European countries, and Japan. We focus on technologies for applications inside the body, including drug delivery technologies for pharmaceuticals, and new materials and technologies for prostheses and implants. We also include technologies for applications outside the body including diagnostics and high throughput screening of drug compounds.
ReplyDeleteROHIT
ENROLL NO. 346/11
Nanobiotechnology is the unification of biotechnology and nanotechnology. This hybrid discipline can also mean making atomic-scale machines by imitating or incorporating biological systems at the molecular level, or building tiny tools to study or change natural structure properties atom by atom. Nanobiotechnology can have a combination of the classical micro-technology with a molecular biological approach. Biotechnology uses the knowledge and techniques of biology to manipulate molecular, genetic, and cellular processes to develop products and services, and is used in diverse fields from medicine to agriculture. Convergence, is an activity or trend that occurs based on common materials and capabilities-in this case the discipline that enables convergence is nanotechnology. The potential opportunities offered by this interface is truly outstanding; the overlap of biotech, nanotech and information technology is bringing to fruition many important applications in life sciences.
ReplyDeletetherefore by using nanotech in biomedical science we may cure disease like cancer,heart disease.DNA applications have very important role in nanotech.
AMANDEEP SADHOTRA
ENROLL NO. 343/11
The application of Nanotechnology will play important roles in clinical medicine, wound repair and basic research for the traditional Chinese medicine.
ReplyDeleteMD MUSTAQUE RIZWI
ENROLL NO. 344/11
Today, nanomaterials have been designed for a variety of biomedical and biotechnological applications, including biosensors, enzyme encapsulation; neuronal nanotechnology is based on the introduction of novel nano-materials which can result in revolutionary new structures and devices using extremely biological sophisticated tools to precisely position molecules.
ReplyDeleteNITESH KUMAR SINGH
ENROLL NO. 348/11
introduction of nano technology in medical science is a revolutionary step in the field of medical science. because of this many things which seemed to be impossible has become possible such as nano medicines which can be use to cure CANCER and using liposomes as vaccine adjuvants and as vehicles for drug transport.
ReplyDeleteANIL BISHNOI
339/11
Medicine
ReplyDeleteResearchers are developing
customized nanoparticles the size
of molecules that can deliver
drugs directly to diseased cells in
your body. When it's perfected,
this method should greatly reduce
the damage treatment such as
chemotherapy does to a patient's
healthy cells. Check out our
Nanotech in Medicine page to
see how nanotech is being used in
medicine.
Electronics
Nanotechnology holds some
answers for how we might
increase the capabilities of
electronics devices while we
reduce their weight and power
consumption. Check out our
Nanotech in Electronics page
to see how nanotech is being used
in electronics.
Food
Nanotechnology is having an
impact on several aspects of food
science, from how food is grown
to how it is packaged. Companies
are developing nanomaterials that
will make a difference not only in
the taste of food, but also in food
safety, and the health benefits
that food delivers. Check out our
Nanotech & Food page for the
details.
Fuel Cells
Nanotechnology is being used to
reduce the cost of catalysts used
in fuel cells to produce hydrogen
ions from fuel such as methanol
and to improve the efficiency of
membranes used in fuel cells to
separate hydrogen ions from
other gases such as oxygen.
Check out our Nanotech in Fuel
Cells page for the details.
Solar Cells
Companies have developed
nanotech solar cells that can be
manufactured at significantly
lower cost than conventional solar
cells.
Devinder
322/11
the nanotechnology is very usefull in every field of life..
ReplyDelete376/11
Nanodevices could be observed at work inside the body using MRI, especially if their components were manufactured using mostly 13C atoms rather than the natural 12C isotope of carbon.
ReplyDeletealso nanotechnology has its scope in every field. thnx a lot.
Arun sharma
337/11.
Very informative blog. As far as scope of nanotechnology in biomedicals concerned it can be widely used to cure cancer.Cancer nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary area of research in science, engineering, and medicine with broad applications for molecular imaging, molecular diagnosis, and targeted therapy. The basic rationale is that nanometer-sized particles, such as semiconductor quantum dots and iron oxide nanocrystals, have optical, magnetic, or structural properties that are not available from molecules or bulk solids. When linked with tumor targeting ligands such as monoclonal antibodies, peptides, or small molecules, these nanoparticles can be used to target tumor antigens (biomarkers) as well as tumor vasculatures with high affinity and specificity.
ReplyDeleteEagerly waiting for your next blog.
( METT/45/13 ) (451)
This blog is worth reading. I would just like to request you to include the scope on nanotechnology in various branches related to engineering. It will be beneficial for the students who want to join its R&D field.
ReplyDeleteANKIT SHUKLA
( CHE/44/13 ) (455)
A field of interest concerning biomedical nanotechnology is the LAB ON A CHIP. as the name implies such a device acts like a complete laboratory on a small chip.
ReplyDeleteIt is a micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) device which feature micro machined capillaries and other features on a 1- 2 mm dimension glass or silicon chip.
The capillaries and other features can be of the size of human hair or smaller (a few micro meters- 10^-6 m). These are used to handle liquids like blood etc, in extremely small quantities. If the capillaries are of different sizes a small blood sample may be analyzed on the chip by separating the different constituents of the blood like WBCs, RBCs platelets etc into different capillaries. The RBCs and platelets etc., would separate because they have different sizes and will therefore go to differently sized capillaries.
Such MEMS Lab on chips are being researched and developed for use in healthcare and diagnostics. The advantage of such systems is that there is no need to have big laboratories for disease detections and such chips which can be produced on a large scale are cheap and disposable. They can be effectively used in developing countries and such systems are also known as Point of Care devices.
KARAN PRABHAKAR
ECE/60/13
402
Biomedical Nanotechnology
ReplyDeleteA maturing embryonic red blood cell (8μm) before it has lost its nucleus (Waugh Lab)
The science of nanotechnology involves the development of new materials with dimensions on the order of tens to a few hundreds of nanometers. Bigger than what we normally consider molecules and smaller than bulk materials, nanomaterials have emergent properties that are a direct result of their size. These new materials are proving to have a broad range of applications in medicine and basic biological research. Project areas include:
Nanostructured materials for biological sensing
Efforts towards characterizing the entire genomes and proteomes of humans and other organisms have unleashed a flood of new protein and nucleic acid targets on the biomedical research community, and have made the development of new ways of detecting and quantitating these targets rapidly and simply an urgent need. Researchers are using nanostructured materials as substrates for the production of new biomedical sensors, which may prove useful as components of medical diagnostic systems.
Nanoporous membranes
Researchers at Rochester recently discovered a novel silicon membrane with well-defined, tunable nanometer-sized pores. Because this membrane is also exceptionally thin, it has the potential to dramatically improve the efficiency and speed of size-based biofiltration. Researchers are examining the basic properties of this new material, as well as ways in which it can be incorporated into biomedical devices.
Nanoparticle-based drug delivery
Delivery of therapeutic agents to target sites in the body is a continuing challenge. Polymer nanoparticles are proving to be one useful method for encapsulating therapeutics and delivering them in an effective manner. Projects in this area involve the creation of new polymer nanomaterials, and examining their ability to deliver small-molecule or biopolymeric agents.
Imaging, transport, and toxicity properties of semiconductor nanocrystals
Semiconductor nanocrystals, or quantum dots, are proving to be very useful as new reagents for biomedical imaging. Nanocrystals are also finding their way into numerous consumer products. However, little is yet known about the interactions of these materials with biological tissues, and their eventual fate in the body. Projects center on the development and application of new nanocrystal-based reagents, as well as on evaluating their transport properties through tissues.
Nanobiomechanics
In recent years, through efforts in single molecule force spectroscopy, the role of mechanics at the molecular and cellular level have been shown to play a critical role in biology. Researchers employ the atomic force microscope, optical tweezers, magnetic tweezers, bioforce probe and microcantilevers to study the mechanics which serve to influence life at the sub-cellular level.
SONU
METT/43/13
449
Nanotechnology has the greatest scope in our future. Thanx for sharing the above information with us. As nanotechnology teaches us about deep study of nano particles and we engineering students have to learn a lot of about it and to convert its applications to real existence. Its applications in biomedical field is in biotection of pathogens, detection of protein, probing of DNA structure, heat destruction of tumours. etc.
ReplyDelete.....we are. waiting. your next blog
-Saurabh kesharwani
METT/ 44 / 13
(450)
Thank you for providing such information which helps us to learn some more and more. The science of nanotechnology hepls in different field of engineering .we can produce a lot of .
ReplyDeleteDevesh Kumar
Civ 100/13
(398)
Thanks for providing such beneficial information.
ReplyDeleteNanotechnology can have a combination of classical micro technology with a molecule, biological approach.
The application of nanotechnology will play an important role in clinical, medicine, electronics and industry.
It has also great scope for research and development in future.
VARUN. KUMAR
ECE. 62/13
404
Very useful information . This is the future .
ReplyDeleteMett/55/13 , 526
This blog is very informative and resourceful providing us knowledge about nanotechnology and its usage in different spheres of life.thanku mam for this information.
ReplyDeleteNisha yadav
Chem/47/13
458
Nanotechnology is playing a huge role in different sectors of life especially in engineering. This blog is very informative providing us knowledge about it and its significance .thanku mam for this article.
ReplyDeleteHeena Rawat
Civ/99/13
397
Nanotechnology involves the deep study of nanoparticles.Its study is important for us.your blog provides deep knowledge about it and its significance in different areas.the blog is very resourceful .thanku mam for providing us this knowledge.
ReplyDeleteArunima gupta
Chem/49/13
460